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IAL 2022 Oct Q9

A Level / Edexcel / P3

IAL 2022 Oct Paper · Question 9

题目

Problem

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Given that cos2θsin3θ0\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta\ne 0

(a) prove that

cos2θcos2θsin3θ1+sinθ12sinθ4sin2θ\frac{\cos^2\theta}{\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta}\equiv \frac{1+\sin\theta}{1-2\sin\theta-4\sin^2\theta}
(4)

(b) Hence solve, for 0<θ3600<\theta\le 360^\circ,

cos2θcos2θsin3θ=2cosecθ\frac{\cos^2\theta}{\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta}=2\cosec\theta

Give your answers to one decimal place.

(5)
题目中文翻译

本题中你必须写出解题过程的所有步骤。

不接受完全依赖计算器技术的解法。

已知 cos2θsin3θ0\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta\ne 0

(a) 证明

cos2θcos2θsin3θ1+sinθ12sinθ4sin2θ\frac{\cos^2\theta}{\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta}\equiv \frac{1+\sin\theta}{1-2\sin\theta-4\sin^2\theta}

(b) 由此在 0<θ3600<\theta\le 360^\circ 内解方程

cos2θcos2θsin3θ=2cosecθ\frac{\cos^2\theta}{\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta}=2\cosec\theta

答案精确到小数点后 1 位。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

sin3θ\sin 3\theta 展开,再用二倍角与平方和恒等式把分母全部化为 sinθ\sin\theta。分子、分母都出现因子 1sinθ1-\sin\theta,约去后得到目标式。

答题过程

展开

Using

sin3θ=sin2θcosθ+cos2θsinθ,\sin 3\theta =\sin 2\theta\cos\theta +\cos 2\theta\sin\theta,

the denominator becomes

cos2θsin3θ=12sin2θ2sinθcos2θsinθ(12sin2θ)=13sinθ2sin2θ+4sin3θ=(1sinθ)(12sinθ4sin2θ)\begin{align*} &\,\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta \\ =&\,1-2\sin^2\theta -2\sin\theta\cos^2\theta \\ &\,-\sin\theta(1-2\sin^2\theta) \\ =&\,1-3\sin\theta-2\sin^2\theta +4\sin^3\theta \\ =&\,(1-\sin\theta) (1-2\sin\theta-4\sin^2\theta) \end{align*}

Also,

cos2θ=(1sinθ)(1+sinθ)\cos^2\theta=(1-\sin\theta)(1+\sin\theta)

Therefore

cos2θcos2θsin3θ1+sinθ12sinθ4sin2θ\boxed{ \frac{\cos^2\theta}{\cos 2\theta-\sin 3\theta} \equiv \frac{1+\sin\theta} {1-2\sin\theta-4\sin^2\theta} }

as required.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

按照 Hence 的要求使用 (a) 的恒等式,把方程化为关于 sinθ\sin\theta 的二次方程;求出两个正弦值后,分别在 0<θ3600^\circ<\theta\leq360^\circ 内找全解。

答题过程

展开

Using part (a),

1+sinθ12sinθ4sin2θ=2sinθ\frac{1+\sin\theta} {1-2\sin\theta-4\sin^2\theta} =\frac{2}{\sin\theta}

Cross-multiplying and simplifying,

9sin2θ+5sinθ2=09\sin^2\theta+5\sin\theta-2=0

Therefore

sinθ=5±9718\sin\theta=\frac{-5\pm\sqrt{97}}{18}

so

sinθ=0.2693orsinθ=0.8249\sin\theta=0.2693\ldots \quad\text{or}\quad \sin\theta=-0.8249\ldots

For 0<θ3600^\circ<\theta\leq360^\circ, the solutions are

θ=15.6, 164.4, 235.6, 304.4\boxed{ \theta=15.6^\circ,\ 164.4^\circ, \ 235.6^\circ,\ 304.4^\circ }