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IAL 2026 Jan Q6

A Level / Edexcel / P3

IAL 2026 Jan Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

(a) Show that the equation

2cos(θ60)=3sinθ2\cos(\theta-60^\circ)=3\sin\theta

can be written in the form

tanθ=16(3+3)\tan\theta=\frac{1}{6}(\sqrt{3}+3)
(4)

(b) Hence solve, for 0x1800\le x\le 180^\circ, the equation

2cos(2x70)=3sin(2x10)2\cos(2x-70^\circ)=3\sin(2x-10^\circ)

giving your solutions to one decimal place.

(3)
题目中文翻译

本题必须写出全部解题步骤。

不接受完全依赖计算器技术的解法。

(a) 证明方程

2cos(θ60)=3sinθ2\cos(\theta-60^\circ)=3\sin\theta

可写成

tanθ=16(3+3)\tan\theta=\frac{1}{6}(\sqrt{3}+3)

的形式。

(b) 由此在 0x1800\le x\le 180^\circ 内解方程

2cos(2x70)=3sin(2x10)2\cos(2x-70^\circ)=3\sin(2x-10^\circ)

答案精确到小数点后 1 位。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先展开 cos(θ60)\cos(\theta-60^\circ),再把式子整理成只含 tanθ\tan\theta 的方程。

因为题目是 Show that,最后必须自然推出

tanθ=16(3+3)\tan\theta=\frac{1}{6}(\sqrt3+3)

不能只写一个近似值。

答题过程

展开

Starting with

2cos(θ60)=3sinθ2\cos(\theta-60^\circ)=3\sin\theta

use

cos(AB)=cosAcosB+sinAsinB\cos(A-B)=\cos A\cos B+\sin A\sin B

Then

2cos(θ60)=2(cosθcos60+sinθsin60)=2(12cosθ+32sinθ)=cosθ+3sinθ\begin{align*} 2\cos(\theta-60^\circ) =&\,2(\cos\theta\cos60^\circ+\sin\theta\sin60^\circ) \\[2mm] =&\,2\left(\frac12\cos\theta+\frac{\sqrt3}{2}\sin\theta\right) \\[2mm] =&\,\cos\theta+\sqrt3\sin\theta \end{align*}

So the original equation becomes

cosθ+3sinθ=3sinθ\cos\theta+\sqrt3\sin\theta=3\sin\theta

Hence

cosθ=(33)sinθ1=(33)tanθtanθ=133\begin{align*} \cos\theta=&\,(3-\sqrt3)\sin\theta \\[2mm] 1=&\,(3-\sqrt3)\tan\theta \\[2mm] \tan\theta=&\,\frac{1}{3-\sqrt3} \end{align*}

Rationalise the denominator.

tanθ=1333+33+3=3+393=3+36\begin{align*} \tan\theta =&\,\frac{1}{3-\sqrt3}\cdot\frac{3+\sqrt3}{3+\sqrt3} \\[2mm] =&\,\frac{3+\sqrt3}{9-3} \\[2mm] =&\,\frac{3+\sqrt3}{6} \end{align*}

Therefore

tanθ=16(3+3)\boxed{\tan\theta=\frac{1}{6}(\sqrt3+3)}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

这是 Hence 题,要承接 (a)。把

2cos(2x70)=3sin(2x10)2\cos(2x-70^\circ)=3\sin(2x-10^\circ)

2cos(θ60)=3sinθ2\cos(\theta-60^\circ)=3\sin\theta

比较,可取

θ=2x10\theta=2x-10^\circ

因为

θ60=2x70\theta-60^\circ=2x-70^\circ

所以可以直接使用 (a) 的结论。

答题过程

展开

Let

θ=2x10\theta=2x-10^\circ

Then

θ60=2x70\theta-60^\circ=2x-70^\circ

So the equation

2cos(2x70)=3sin(2x10)2\cos(2x-70^\circ)=3\sin(2x-10^\circ)

has the same form as part (a). Hence

tan(2x10)=16(3+3)\tan(2x-10^\circ)=\frac{1}{6}(\sqrt3+3)

Now

tan1(3+36)=38.2619\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{\sqrt3+3}{6}\right) =38.2619\ldots^\circ

Since 0x1800\leq x\leq180^\circ,

102x10350-10^\circ\leq 2x-10^\circ\leq350^\circ

The tangent solutions in this interval are

2x10=38.2619or218.26192x-10^\circ=38.2619\ldots^\circ \quad\text{or}\quad 218.2619\ldots^\circ

Therefore

x=38.2619+102orx=218.2619+102x=24.1309orx=114.1309\begin{align*} x=&\,\frac{38.2619\ldots+10}{2} \quad\text{or}\quad x=\frac{218.2619\ldots+10}{2} \\[2mm] x=&\,24.1309\ldots \quad\text{or}\quad x=114.1309\ldots \end{align*}

Thus

x=24.1, 114.1\boxed{x=24.1^\circ,\ 114.1^\circ}