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P4 2025 Jan Q2

A Level / Edexcel / P4

IAL 2025 Jan Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

The curve CC has equation

3x+5y2+4x2y=10(2x)+35y>03x+5y^2+4x^2y=10(2^x)+35\qquad y>0

(a) Find an expression for dydx\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} in terms of xx and yy.

(6)

Curve CC cuts the yy-axis at the point PP.

(b) Find the exact value of the gradient of the tangent to CC at PP.

(2)
题目中文翻译

曲线 CC 的方程为

3x+5y2+4x2y=10(2x)+35y>03x+5y^2+4x^2y=10(2^x)+35\qquad y>0

(a) 用 x,yx,y 表示 dydx\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}。

(6)

曲线 CC 与 yy 轴交于点 PP。

(b) 求曲线 CC 在点 PP 处切线斜率的精确值。

(2)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

隐式求导;4x2y4x^2y 用乘积法则,2x2^x 的导数包含 ln⁡2\ln2。收集含导数的项后解出导数。

答题过程

展开

Differentiate the equation implicitly with respect to xx. For clarity, write g=dy/dxg=\mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}x.

Term by term,

ddx(3x)= 3,ddx(5y2)= 10yg,ddx(4x2y)= 8xy+4x2g.\begin{align*} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(3x)=&\,3,\\ \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(5y^2)=&\,10yg,\\ \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(4x^2y)=&\,8xy+4x^2g. \end{align*}

For the exponential term,

ddx(10⋅2x)=10⋅2xln⁡2.\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}\big(10\cdot2^x\big)=10\cdot2^x\ln2.

Thus

3+10yg+8xy+4x2g= 10⋅2xln⁡2,(10y+4x2)g= 10⋅2xln⁡2−3−8xy.\begin{align*} 3+10yg+8xy+4x^2g=&\,10\cdot2^x\ln2,\\ (10y+4x^2)g=&\,10\cdot2^x\ln2-3-8xy. \end{align*}

Since y>0y>0, the denominator 10y+4x210y+4x^2 is positive. Dividing and replacing gg gives

dydx=10⋅2xln⁡2−3−8xy10y+4x2.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =\frac{10\cdot2^x\ln2-3-8xy}{10y+4x^2}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

yy 轴上 x=0x=0,由原方程及 y>0y>0 确定交点,再代入 (a) 的导数。

答题过程

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At the yy-axis, x=0x=0. Substitute into the original equation:

5y2= 10⋅20+35= 45,y2= 9.\begin{align*} 5y^2=&\,10\cdot2^0+35\\ =&\,45,\\ y^2=&\,9. \end{align*}

Since y>0y>0, y=3y=3, so P=(0,3)P=(0,3).

At this point, the numerator and denominator of the derivative are

10⋅20ln⁡2−3−8(0)(3)= 10ln⁡2−3,10(3)+4(0)2= 30.\begin{align*} 10\cdot2^0\ln2-3-8(0)(3)=&\,10\ln2-3,\\ 10(3)+4(0)^2=&\,30. \end{align*}

Hence the exact gradient is

10ln⁡2−330.\boxed{\frac{10\ln2-3}{30}}.