(i) The continuous random variable X is uniformly distributed over the interval [a,b]
Given that P(8<X<14)=51 and E(X)=11
(a) write down P(X>14)
(1)
(b) find P(6X>a+b)
(4)
(ii) Susie makes a strip of pasta 45cm long. She then cuts the strip of pasta, at a randomly chosen point, into two pieces. The random variable S is the length of the shortest piece of pasta.
(a) Write down the distribution of S
(1)
(b) Calculate the probability that the shortest piece of pasta is less than 12cm long.
(2)
Susie makes 20 strips of pasta, all 45cm long, and separately cuts each strip of pasta, at a randomly chosen point, into two pieces.
(c) Calculate the probability that exactly 6 of the pieces of pasta are less than 12cm long.
(3)
(Total for Question 2 is 11 marks)
题目中文翻译
(i) 连续随机变量 X 在区间 [a,b] 上服从均匀分布。
已知 P(8<X<14)=51 且 E(X)=11。
(a) 写下 P(X>14)。
(1)
(b) 求 P(6X>a+b)。
(4)
(ii) Susie 做了一条 45cm 长的意大利面条。她在一个随机位置把面条切成两段。随机变量 S 表示较短那一段的长度。
the distribution is symmetric about 11. The interval (8,14) is also symmetric about 11, so the remaining probability is divided equally between its two sides. Therefore,
P(X>14)==21(1−51)52.
(i)(b)
解法一
思路
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先用均匀分布中「概率等于长度比例」求总区间长度 b−a,再与 a+b=22 联立求出端点。最后把不等式 6X>a+b 化为关于 X 的阈值,并再次用长度比例计算概率。
答题过程
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For a uniform distribution,
==P(8<X<14)b−a14−851.
Hence,
b−a=30.
Also, E(X)=11 gives a+b=22. Solving these simultaneous equations,