题目
(a) State one characteristic of a population that would make a census a practical alternative to sampling.
A leisure centre has 2500 members.
It asks a sample of 300 members for their opinions on the fees it charges for using the centre.
For the sample,
(b) (i) identify a suitable sampling frame,
(ii) identify a sampling unit.
The leisure centre has the following pieces of information. A is the list of the different types of membership that can be paid for by members. B is the mean of the membership fees paid by all 2500 members. C is the number in the sample of 300 members who are satisfied with the fees they pay.
(c) State the piece of information that is a statistic. Give a reason for your answer.
(Total for Question 2 is 4 marks)
题目中文翻译
(a) 说明总体具有哪一种特征会使普查成为抽样的可行替代方案。
一家休闲中心有 2500 名会员。
它向 300 名会员抽样调查他们对中心收费的意见。
对于该样本,
(b) (i) 识别一个合适的抽样框架,
(ii) 识别抽样单位。
休闲中心有以下信息。 A 是会员可支付的不同会员类型列表。 B 是所有 2500 名会员所支付会费的平均值。 C 是样本中 300 名对收费满意的会员人数。
(c) 说明哪一项信息是统计量。 并给出理由。
(第 2 题共 4 分)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
普查需要调查总体中的每一个个体,因此当总体较小时,所需的时间与成本较容易控制,普查便可能成为抽样的可行替代方案。
答题过程
展开
The population is small.
(b)(i)
解法一
思路
展开
抽样框必须能够识别总体中的所有抽样单位。因此,这里需要一份包含休闲中心全部会员的完整名单或资料库。
答题过程
展开
A list, register or database of all members of the leisure centre.
(b)(ii)
解法一
思路
展开
抽样单位是实际被选入样本的单个对象。本题从会员中抽取样本,因此每一名会员就是一个抽样单位。
答题过程
展开
One member of the leisure centre.
(c)
解法一
思路
展开
统计量必须是只由样本数据计算或确定的数值。C 是 300 人样本中满意会员的人数,只取决于样本;B 则使用全部 2500 名会员的数据,属于总体参数。
答题过程
展开
is the statistic because it is a numerical quantity based only on values obtained from the sample.