The manager of a supermarket is investigating the number of complaints per day received from customers.
A random sample of 180 days is taken and the results are shown in the table below.
Number of complaints per day
Frequency
0
12
1
28
2
37
3
38
4
29
5
17
6
19
⩾7
0
(a) Calculate the mean and the variance of these data.
(3)
(b) Explain why the results in part (a) suggest that a Poisson distribution may be a suitable model for the number of complaints per day.
(1)
The manager uses a Poisson distribution with mean 3 to model the number of complaints per day.
(c) For a randomly selected day find, using the manager’s model, the probability that there are
(i) at least 3 complaints,
(ii) more than 4 complaints but less than 8 complaints.
(4)
A week consists of 7 consecutive days.
(d) Using the manager’s model and a suitable approximation, show that the probability that there are less than 19 complaints in a randomly selected week is 0.29 to 2 decimal places.
Show your working clearly.
(Solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.)
(5)
A period of 13 weeks is selected at random.
(e) Find the probability that in this period there are exactly 5 weeks that have less than 19 complaints.
The sample mean, 2.95, is close to the sample variance, 2.91. Since a Poisson distribution has equal mean and variance, a Poisson model may be suitable.
(c)(i)
解法一
思路
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经理的模型是均值为 3 的泊松分布。“至少 3 次”用补事件表示为 1 减去不超过 2 次的概率。
答题过程
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Let W be the number of complaints on a randomly selected day. Then