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IAL 2024 June S3 Q1

A Level / Edexcel / S3

IAL 2024 June Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

The names of the 400 employees of a company are listed alphabetically in a book.

The chairperson of the company wishes to select a sample of 8 employees.

The chairperson numbers the employees from 001 to 400

(a) Describe how the list of numbers can be used to select a systematic sample of 8 employees.

(2)

(b) State one disadvantage of systematic sampling in this case.

(1)

(c) Write down the probability that the sample includes both the first name (employee 001) and the last name (employee 400) in the list.

(1)
(Total for Question 1 is 4 marks)
题目中文翻译

一家公司的 400 名员工姓名按字母顺序列在一本书中。

公司董事长希望抽取 8 名员工的样本。

董事长将员工编号从 001 到 400。

(a) 说明如何利用这些编号列表抽取一个 8 人的系统抽样。

(b) 写出这种情况下系统抽样的一个缺点。

(c) 写出样本同时包含名单中的第一个姓名(员工 001)和最后一个姓名 (员工 400)的概率。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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系统抽样间隔为总体人数除以样本人数,即 50。为了让每位员工都有机会成为起始位置,应先在前 50 个编号中随机选一个,然后每次增加 50。

答题过程

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Choose a random integer from 001 to 050 as the first employee. Starting from this employee, select every 50th employee until 8 employees have been selected.

(b)

解法一

思路

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名单按字母排序而非随机排列,姓名可能形成某种规律;固定间隔抽取时,样本可能因此带有偏差而不具代表性。

答题过程

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The alphabetical list may contain a pattern, so a systematic sample from it may be biased and may not be representative of the employees.

(c)

解法一

思路

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同一系统样本中任意两个编号之差都应为 50 的整数倍,但 4001=399400-1=399 不是 50 的整数倍,因此两人不可能同时入选。

答题过程

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Since 4001=399400-1=399 is not a multiple of the sampling interval 50, employees 001 and 400 cannot both be in the sample. Therefore, the required probability is

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